When it comes to how search engines crawl websites, robots.txt files play a big role. But sometimes problems with robots.txt can hurt a website’s visibility in search results so webmasters and SEO experts must understand these issues and know how to fix them in the fastest way possible.

There is no need to worry as this article looks at most common robots.txt issues and gives up-to-date ways to solve them. Additionally, it will cover troubleshooting techniques and touch on how tools like Google Search Console and JavaScript can influence robots.txt functionality.

What Does Robots.txt Do for a Website?

Robots.txt files allow web crawlers to crawl websites. These simple text files in the top directory of a domain tell search engine bots what parts of the site they can and can’t access. They are in charge of managing the indexing of certain pages or parts and dealing with crawler traffic.

How Search Engines Read Robots.txt

How Search Engines Read Robots.txt?

Search engines find and index the web by crawling pages. They check the robots.txt file before visiting any page on a new domain. This file uses two main protocols: the Robots Exclusion Protocol and the Sitemaps protocol. The first one tells bots which resources to avoid, while the second one shows crawlers which pages they can access.

The Robots Exclusion Protocol’s most used command, “Disallow,” tells bots to stay away from certain web pages or folders. On the other hand, the “Allow” command gives the green light to access specific areas. Search engines always choose the most simple rules they can find.

In addition to guiding search engine crawlers, Robots.txt has other roles in technical SEO, helping resource management and site structure communication.

  • Resource Management: In order to save server resources and make sure that important pages are crawled more often, robots.txt blocks unnecessary or duplicate pages.
  • Site Structure Communication: Search engines are able to better organize websites in search results and avoid indexing duplicate information thanks to Robots.txt and sitemaps.

Top 10 Common Robots.txt Issues and How to Fix Them

Robots.txt files are important for controlling how search engines crawl your website, but if you set them up wrong, they can damage your SEO. The following list shows the ten most common Robots.txt errors and how to fix them to make your website more SEO-friendly.

1. No Robots.txt File

A common problem is when a website doesn’t have a robots.txt file. Without one, search engine crawlers think they can crawl the whole website. To fix this, make a robots.txt file and put it in your website’s main folder.

2. Wrong File Location

When the robots.txt file isn’t in the root directory, crawlers can’t find it. This has an impact on your site and allows for unrestricted crawling. Before anything, make sure to put the file right in the root directory, not in any subfolders.

3. Blocking Essential Resources

A common error is to block CSS and JavaScript files. Google’s crawlers need to access these to index pages. If you block them, it can cause indexing problems. Check your robots.txt file and take out any directives that block these key resources.

4. Using Noindex in Robots.txt

Google has stopped supporting the noindex directive in robots.txt files since 2019. If your file has this outdated instruction, you should get rid of it. You can use the robots meta tag or X-Robots-Tag HTTP header to noindex pages instead.

5. Wrong Use of Wildcards

Using wildcards can limit access to key files and directories. To avoid mistakes that damage a website’s SEO, you need to be more specific when you use wildcards. You should use supported wildcards like asterisks and dollar symbols.

6. No Sitemap URL

Not including your sitemap URL in your robots.txt file wastes a chance to improve. It won’t hurt your SEO, but adding it helps search engine crawlers find and index your pages better. Put in a line that points to your sitemap to boost crawling.

7. Stopping Access to Sites in Development

You need to stop crawlers from accessing your live website, but you also need to limit access to pages you’re still working on. Use a disallow rule in the robots.txt file for sites you’re building, but don’t forget to take it out when you launch.

8. Using Full Web Addresses

When you write robots.txt, you shouldn’t use absolute URLs. Choose relative paths instead to tell bots what parts of your site they shouldn’t visit. This helps search engines figure out what to accept and what to disallow.

9. Old Elements

Some parts no longer work with all search engines, like the crawl-delay command. For example, Google doesn’t follow this order. If you want crawling to work better, review your robots.txt file and get rid of any old elements.

10. Wrong File Type

The robots.txt file has to be a plain text file ending in .txt. If you use any other kind of file, it might not work. Make sure you create your file in UTF-8 format so it works right.

What Are the Best Tools and Techniques for Troubleshooting

What Are the Best Tools and Techniques for Troubleshooting?

To fully fix problems with robots.txt, you need to use specific tools and methods. Webmasters can use these tools to find and fix common issues that stop search engines from crawling and processing their websites properly.

Google Search Console

Google Search Console is one of the most useful tools for finding problems with robots.txt files. With its dedicated robots.txt testing tool, webmasters can check their file for errors and make sure it’s correct. This tool acts out how Googlebot would deal with the robots.txt file and tells you about any problems it finds in real time.

Third-Party Validators

Even though Google Search Console is very important, third-party validators give you more information and features. To find mistakes and warnings that might affect crawlability, tools like SEMrush’s Site Audit and Ryte do full scans of robots.txt files. It’s easier to spot accidental restrictions on these platforms because they often show pictures of blocked and approved URLs.

Log File Analysis

Log file analysis has a significant impact on troubleshooting robots.txt issues. By examining server logs, webmasters can gain valuable insights into how search engine bots interact with their site. Tools like Botify’s Log Analyzer and JetOctopus help parse this data, revealing patterns in crawl frequency and identifying pages that might be blocked by accident.

Final Thoughts

Robots.txt files are still very important in 2024 because they let you control how search engines crawl websites, but if you set them up wrong, they may damage SEO. Problems like missing or misplaced files, blocking important resources, and using old or wrong commands can make it hard for a site to show up in search results.

Some ways to fix this problem are to put the robots.txt file in the root path, make sure that important resources like CSS and JavaScript are not blocked and use the right wildcards and directives. Webmasters should remove unsupported commands like “noindex” and include sitemap URLs for improved crawling.

Also, to fix problems and make robots.txt files work better, you need to use tools like Google Search Console and third-party validators. If you need professional help optimizing your website’s SEO, you can rely on Marketing Planet to guide you every step of the way. Our focus is on delivering results and ensuring a positive return on investment for our clients.